Drug and alcohol addiction can be challenging to identify, especially when it involves someone you care about—or even yourself. It’s not always as obvious as movies or TV shows portray. Addiction doesn’t always look like a person hitting rock bottom; it often hides in subtle behavioural changes, emotional struggles, and patterns that can go unnoticed.
If you’ve ever wondered, how do I know if this is addiction?, you’re not alone. Recognizing the signs early can make a huge difference. So, let’s explore the key physical, emotional, and social indicators of addiction—and what you can do to help.
Physical Changes: The Body Doesn’t Lie
One of the most noticeable indicators of drug or alcohol addiction is its impact on the body. Substance use affects everyone differently, but here are some common physical signs:
- Weight fluctuations – Rapid weight loss or gain is often a red flag, especially if it’s unexplained. Substances like stimulants can suppress appetite, while others may increase it.
- Changes in appearance – Bloodshot eyes, dilated or constricted pupils, poor hygiene, or unusual odours (like alcohol or smoke) can be tell-tale signs.
- Sleep disturbances – People struggling with addiction often experience irregular sleep patterns, from insomnia to excessive sleeping, depending on the substance.
- Frequent health issues – Look out for chronic fatigue, nausea, nosebleeds, or tremors. These can signal long-term substance use or withdrawal symptoms.
- Increased tolerance – If someone needs more of a substance to feel the same effects, that’s a strong indicator of dependency.
While these signs can point to addiction, it’s important to approach the situation with care. Physical changes could stem from other causes, so dig deeper before jumping to conclusions.
Emotional Signs: Shifts You Shouldn’t Ignore
Addiction doesn’t just affect the body—it alters emotions and behaviours in ways that are often hard to miss if you pay attention. Has someone close to you started acting differently? Here are some emotional and behavioural clues to watch for:
- Mood swings – Substance use can trigger extreme highs and lows. One day, someone may seem euphoric and overly energetic, only to appear irritable or withdrawn the next.
- Secrecy – People with addictions often hide their behaviour. If they’ve become defensive, evasive, or dishonest about where they’ve been or what they’re doing, it’s worth taking note.
- Loss of interest – Hobbies, relationships, or activities that once brought joy may no longer matter. Addiction has a way of replacing these with a single focus: obtaining and using the substance.
- Neglecting responsibilities – You might notice missed deadlines, skipped school or work, or unpaid bills. Addiction can consume a person’s mental and physical energy, making everyday tasks seem unimportant.
- Heightened anxiety or depression – Some turn to substances to cope with emotional pain, but it often worsens mental health over time. Look for signs of deep sadness, panic attacks, or feelings of hopelessness.
Have you noticed someone becoming emotionally unrecognizable? If yes, trust your instincts—it’s okay to ask questions and express concern. Getting a loved one the help they need via the likes of Bali Beginnings can change their life, so if you’ve got that nagging concern, it’s always best to bring it up, but do so in an understanding way.
Social and Lifestyle Clues: Changes in Daily Life
Addiction can disrupt relationships, work, and daily routines. Social patterns often shift as someone prioritizes substance use over other parts of their life. Here’s what to look for:
- Isolation – They may withdraw from family and friends or avoid events they once enjoyed. This could be due to shame, fear of judgment, or needing privacy to use.
- New social circles – Be aware if they’re spending more time with people who encourage risky behaviour, especially if their old friends are no longer around.
- Financial problems – Drug and alcohol addiction can quickly drain someone’s finances. Unexplained borrowing, missing money, or even theft might occur to sustain their habit.
- Risk-taking behaviour – Driving under the influence, unsafe sexual practices, or legal troubles often accompany addiction.
- Unpredictable routines – Sudden changes in daily habits, such as skipping meals, irregular sleep, or disappearing for long periods, can suggest something deeper is going on.
These shifts can be gradual or sudden, but they rarely happen without a reason. Pay attention to these social and lifestyle changes as part of the bigger picture.
Recognizing Denial and Defensive Behaviour
When confronted, many people struggling with addiction respond with denial or defensiveness. It’s common—they may not fully realize the extent of their problem or fear being judged. Here are some ways denial can show up:
- Downplaying their use: “I can stop anytime I want,” or “It’s not that big of a deal.”
- Blaming others: “If you had my stress, you’d drink too,” or “Everyone else does it, so why can’t I?”
- Rationalizing their behaviour: “I only drink on weekends,” or “It’s just to help me relax.”
If you hear these excuses, it’s worth exploring further. People often resist help out of fear, shame, or misunderstanding. The key is to approach with empathy, not judgment.
What Should You Do If You Recognize These Signs?
Spotting the signs is only the first step. So, what comes next? Here’s a straightforward approach to supporting someone who might be struggling with addiction:
- Educate yourself – Learn about the substance in question, its effects, and treatment options. Understanding the problem helps you support them better.
- Communicate calmly – Avoid accusations or blame. Instead, express your concerns with compassion. For example, “I’ve noticed you’ve been feeling stressed lately—how can I help?”
- Encourage professional help – Addiction is complex, and professional support is often essential. Suggest reaching out to a counsellor, doctor, or addiction specialist.
- Set boundaries – Supporting someone doesn’t mean tolerating harmful behaviour. Be clear about what you’re willing to accept while still offering help.
- Seek support for yourself – Supporting someone through addiction can be emotionally draining. Don’t hesitate to talk to a trusted friend, family member, or support group.
Remember, you’re not there to “fix” the person. Your role is to support and encourage them to seek the help they need.
Why Recognizing the Signs Matters
Addiction is a powerful force, but so is the support of someone who cares. By recognizing the physical, emotional, and social signs, you’re taking a critical first step in helping yourself or someone else regain control. Early detection can lead to intervention, treatment, and ultimately, recovery.
If this feels overwhelming, that’s okay. Addiction is a tough topic to navigate, but you don’t have to do it alone. Whether you reach out to a trusted professional or start a conversation with someone you’re worried about, every step matters. Recognizing the problem is the doorway to hope and healing—and it’s never too late to take that step.
